Although it currently lags behind oil and agriculture in terms of employment, Nigeria’s mining industry is becoming a more significant contributor to job creation. According to estimates from the Ministry of Mines and Steel Development (MMSD), over 200,000 Nigerians worked in mining-related jobs as of 2022.
Both official employment in large-scale mining operations and informal employment in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) are included in this figure.
With a significant percentage of the workforce involved in the manual extraction of gold, tin, limestone, and other minerals, artisanal mining continues to be the sector’s main source of employment. For many years, these miners—who frequently use crude tools—have been the mainstay of Nigeria’s mining industry, especially in areas like Zamfara, Kebbi, and Osun. Although Many people can make a living from informal mining, but there are drawbacks as well, like hazardous working conditions and a lack of social protection.
The Nigerian government has been working to formalise the mining sector and create more jobs in recent years. A crucial component of this plan is the formalisation of ASM activities, which helps small miners enter the legal system, enhances their working conditions, and gives them access to capital and markets. More formal job possibilities are also anticipated to be created in the upcoming years as a result of investment in large-scale mining operations.
With an aim of 500,000 mining-related jobs by 2030, the government has set high goals to increase employment in the industry. This will require a multi-faceted approach, including:
- Mechanization: Adopting advanced mining technologies can increase efficiency, reduce labor costs, and improve safety standards.
- Exploration: Investing in geological surveys and exploration activities can identify new mineral deposits and expand the mining frontier.
- Infrastructure Development: Building robust infrastructure, such as roads, railways, and power supply, is essential to facilitate mining operations and reduce transportation costs.
- Skill Development: Investing in training and education programs can equip the workforce with the necessary skills to meet the demands of the modern mining industry.
- Environmental Sustainability: Implementing sustainable mining practices can mitigate environmental impacts and ensure the long-term viability of the sector.
By addressing these key areas, Nigeria can unlock the full potential of its mining sector, create sustainable jobs, and contribute to economic growth. However, challenges such as corruption, insecurity, and regulatory hurdles must be addressed to realize these aspirations.